Ingofero ya Toquilla cyangwa ingofero ya Panama?

"Ingofero ya Panama"—irangwa n'imiterere y'uruziga, umugozi munini, n'ibikoresho by'ubwatsi—Kuva kera yari ikintu cy'ingenzi mu myambarire yo mu mpeshyi. Nubwo ingofero ikunzwe cyane kubera imiterere yayo irinda abayambara izuba, icyo benshi mu bafana bayo batazi ni uko ingofero itakorewe muri Panama. Nk’uko bivugwa n’umuhanga mu by’imideli Laura Beltrán-Rubio, iyi ngofero yavukiye mu gace tuzi muri iki gihe nka Ekwateri, ndetse no muri Kolombiya, aho yitwa"ingofero y'ibyatsi bya toquilla."

Ijambo "ingofero ya Panama" ryahimbwe mu 1906 nyuma y'uko Perezida Theodore Roosevelt afotowe yambaye iyo style ubwo yasuraga ahubakwaga umuyoboro wa Panama. (Abakozi bari bashinzwe umushinga nabo bambaye ikamba kugira ngo birinde ubushyuhe n'izuba.)

Inkomoko y'iyi style ihera mu bihe bya mbere y'Abanya-Hispanic ubwo Abasangwabutaka bo muri ako karere bavumburaga uburyo bwo kuboha bakoresheje ibyatsi bya toquilla, bikozwe mu mashami y'ibiti by'imikindo bikura mu misozi ya Andes, kugira ngo bakore uduseke, imyenda n'imigozi. Mu gihe cy'ubukoloni mu myaka ya 1600, nk'uko Beltrán-Rubio abivuga,"ingofero zazanywe n'abakoloni b'i Burayi…Icyakurikiyeho ni uruvange rw'ubuhanga bwo kuboha bw'umuco wa mbere y'Abahispaniya n'ingofero zo mu mutwe zambarwaga n'Abanyaburayi."

Mu kinyejana cya 19, ubwo ibihugu byinshi byo muri Amerika y'Epfo byatsindiraga ubwigenge bwabyo, iyi ngofero yambarwaga cyane ndetse ikorerwa muri Kolombiya na Ekwateri."Ndetse no mu mashusho n'amakarita byo muri icyo gihe, urashobora kubona uburyo'd agaragaza abantu bambaye ingofero n'abacuruzi bazigurisha,"Beltrán-Rubio avuga. Mu kinyejana cya 20, igihe Roosevelt yambaraga, isoko rya Amerika y'Amajyaruguru ryabaye isoko rinini ry'abaguzi ba"Ingofero za Panama"hanze ya Amerika y'Epfo. Nyuma yaho, ingofero yamamaye ku bwinshi maze iba ahantu ho kwizihiza ibiruhuko no mu mpeshyi, nk'uko Beltrán-Rubio abivuga. Mu 2012, UNESCO yatangaje ko ingofero za toquilla ari "Umurage w'Umuco Utagaragara w'Ikiremwamuntu."

Umushingwabikorwa wa Cuyana akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru Karla Gallardo yakuriye muri Ekwateri, aho ingofero yari ikintu cy'ingenzi mu buzima bwa buri munsi.'Kugeza ubwo yerekezaga muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, yamenye ko iyo myambarire yaturutse muri Panama."Natunguwe n'ukuntu ibicuruzwa bishobora kugurishwa mu buryo butubahirije inkomoko yabyo n'inkuru yabyo,"Gallardo aravuga."Hari itandukaniro rinini cyane hagati y'aho ibicuruzwa bikorerwa n'aho bikomoka n'icyo abakiriya bazi kuri byo."Kugira ngo ibi bikosorwe, mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka, Gallardo n'uwashinze ikigo, Shilpa Shah, batangije umushinga"Iyi si ingofero ya Panama"ubukangurambaga bugaragaza inkomoko y'iyi style."Mu by’ukuri turimo gukomeza iyo gahunda yo guhindura izina,"Gallardo aravuga.

Uretse ubu bukangurambaga, Gallardo na Shah bakoranye bya hafi n'abanyabukorikori kavukire bo muri Ekwateri, barwanye kugira ngo bakomeze ubukorikori bw'ingofero za toquilla, nubwo hari ibibazo by'ubukungu n'imibereho byatumye benshi bahagarika ubucuruzi bwabo. Kuva mu 2011, Gallardo yasuye umujyi wa Sisig, umwe mu miryango ishaje cyane iboha toquilla muri ako karere, aho iki kigo ubu cyafatanyije gukora ingofero zacyo."Iyi ngofero'Inkomoko ye iri muri Ekwateri, kandi ibi bituma Abanya-Ekwateri baterwa ishema, kandi ibyo bigomba kubungabungwa,"Gallardo avuga, avuga ko akazi kenshi gakorwa amasaha umunani mu kuboha ingofero.

Iyi nkuru yavuzwe kugira ngo isangizwe gusa